Start with a stage-based target
Stage 1 is a starter buffer designed to absorb common surprises like car repairs or urgent travel.
Stage 2 grows toward one month of core expenses. Stage 3 expands as income and stability improve.
How to choose your first number
If your income is stable and debt is high-interest, a smaller starter fund may be reasonable while you still prioritize debt reduction.
If income is volatile, your starter target should be larger because cash flow shocks happen more often.